Abstract
Objective
To examine an association between melanoma and Parkinson disease (PD).
Patients and Methods
Phase I: Rochester Epidemiology Project records were used to identify (between January
1, 1976, and December 31, 2013) patients with PD in Olmsted County, Minnesota, with
3 matched controls per case. After review, JMP statistical software with logistic
regression analysis was used to assess the risk of preexisting melanoma in patients
with PD vs controls. Phase II: All Rochester Epidemiology Project cases of melanoma
were identified (between January 1, 1976, and December 31, 2014), with 1 control per
case. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the risk of developing PD
after the index date in cases vs controls, and Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed
to determine the 35-year cumulative risk of PD. A Cox proportional hazards model was
used to assess the risk of death from metastatic melanoma in patients with melanoma
without PD compared with those with PD.
Results
Phase I: Patients with PD had a 3.8-fold increased likelihood of having preexisting
melanoma as compared with controls (95% CI, 2.1-6.8; P<.001). Phase II: Patients with melanoma had a 4.2-fold increased risk of developing
PD (95% CI, 2.0-8.8; P<.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed an increased 35-year cumulative risk of PD
in patients with melanoma (11.8%) compared with controls (2.6%) (P<.001). Patients with melanoma without PD had a 10.5-fold increased relative risk
of death from metastatic melanoma compared with patients with melanoma with PD (95%
CI, 1.5-72.2) (P=.02).
Conclusion
There appears to be an association between melanoma and PD. Further study is warranted;
but on the basis of these results, physicians may consider counseling patients with
melanoma about PD risk and implementing cutaneous and ocular melanoma surveillance
in patients with PD.
Abbreviations and Acronyms:
H-ICDA (Hospital-International Classification of Diseases Adapted), ICD-9 (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision), LBD (Lewy body dementia), PD (Parkinson disease), REP (Rochester Epidemiology Project)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Footnotes
Grant Support: This study was made possible by the Rochester Epidemiology Project (grant number R01-AG034676; Principal Investigators: Walter A. Rocca, MD, MPH and Jennifer L. St Sauver, PhD).
Potential Competing Interests: Dr Dalvin reports grants from VitreoRetinal Surgery Foundation during the conduct of the study. Dr Pulido reports grants from VitreoRetinal Surgery Foundation, Research to Prevent Blindness, Paul Family, and Deshong Family during the conduct of the study.
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